نویسنده: | |
---|---|
گوینده: | Michael Goldstrom |
مدت: | 26 hours 27 minutes |
کتاب Behave در مورد رفتار انسانی است که حوزههای علوم اعصاب، زیستشناسی، روانشناسی و جامعهشناسی را دربر میگیرد. ساپولسکی، عصبشناس مشهور، به پیچیدگیهای رفتار انسان میپردازد و تعامل پیچیدهی ژنتیک، محیط و فرهنگ را که اعمال ما را شکل میدهد، آشکار میکند. موضوع اصلی کتاب بررسی این موضوع است که چرا انسانها به گونهای خاص رفتار میکنند. ساپولسکی سفری چند رشتهای را آغاز میکند و تحقیقات علمی، حکایتهای واقعی و طنز را با هم ترکیب میکند تا پیچیدگیهای زیستشناسی رفتاری را برای مخاطبان وسیعی در دسترس قرار دهد. این روایت شامل مقیاسهای مختلف تحلیل، از نورونهای فردی گرفته تا ساختارهای اجتماعی است که درک جامعی از عوامل موثر بر رفتار انسان ارائه میکند. ساپولسکی با بررسی نقش ژنها و مغز در شکلدادن به رفتار شروع میکند. او رقص پیچیدهی بین طبیعت و پرورش را بررسی میکند و بر روشهایی تأکید میکند که در آن استعدادهای ژنتیکی با تأثیرات محیطی در تعامل هستند تا اعمال ما را شکل دهند. این کتاب دیدگاههای تقلیلگرایانه را به چالش میکشد و نیاز به درنظر گرفتن تأثیر متقابل پویا عوامل متعدد در درک رفتار را برجسته میکند.
Why do we do the things we do?
More than a decade in the making, this game-changing book is Robert Sapolsky's genre-shattering attempt to answer that question as fully as perhaps only he could, looking at it from every angle. Sapolsky's storytelling concept is delightful but it also has a powerful intrinsic logic: he starts by looking at the factors that bear on a person's reaction in the precise moment a behavior occurs, and then hops back in time from there, in stages, ultimately ending up at the deep history of our species and its evolutionary legacy.
And so the first category of explanation is the neurobiological one. A behavior occurs--whether an example of humans at our best, worst, or somewhere in between. What went on in a person's brain a second before the behavior happened? Then Sapolsky pulls out to a slightly larger field of vision, a little earlier in time: What sight, sound, or smell caused the nervous system to produce that behavior? And then, what hormones acted hours to days earlier to change how responsive that individual is to the stimuli that triggered the nervous system? By now he has increased our field of vision so that we are thinking about neurobiology and the sensory world of our environment and endocrinology in trying to explain what happened.
Sapolsky keeps going: How was that behavior influenced by structural changes in the nervous system over the preceding months, by that person's adolescence, childhood, fetal life, and then back to his or her genetic makeup? Finally, he expands the view to encompass factors larger than one individual. How did culture shape that individual's group, what ecological factors millennia old formed that culture? And on and on, back to evolutionary factors millions of years old.
The result is one of the most dazzling tours d'horizon of the science of human behavior ever attempted, a majestic synthesis that harvests cutting-edge research across a range of disciplines to provide a subtle and nuanced perspective on why we ultimately do the things we do...for good and for ill. Sapolsky builds on this understanding to wrestle with some of our deepest and thorniest questions relating to tribalism and xenophobia, hierarchy and competition, morality and free will, and war and peace. Wise, humane, often very funny, Behave is a towering achievement, powerfully humanizing, and downright heroic in its own right.
برای دانلود کتابها باید اشتراک تهیه کنید
و دسترسی به بهترین کتابهای صوتی و الکترونیک
دیدگاهها
hessam_bayanifar –
Thank you so much for the upload.